Author name: jainhospitals

Physical Activity
Volume 1 Issue 1

Level of Physical Activity and Relationship with Alcohol Use Among Youth: A Cross-sectional Study

/

Research Article Manmohan Yadav,1 Vadlamudi Siddarth,2 Vishal Chauhan,3 Anju Gahlot4 1,2,3MBBS Student, Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, 4Prof Department of Community Medicine, RMCHRC, Kanpur. Submitted: 18 June 2024; Accepted: 28 June 2024; Published: 29 June 2024 Corresponding Author: Vishal Chauhan, MBBS Student, Rama Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Background: Alcohol use and physical inactivity are major risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. Adequate physical activity keeps one healthy, but a sedentary lifestyle may contribute to other unhealthy practices like Alcohol use. They address them more strategically. Objectives: To assess the level of physical activity and identify its association with Alcohol use among college-going youth at Rama University, Kanpur. Material & Methods: Data on physical activity and Alcohol use were collected from students aged 18-24 studying medical and non-medical courses at Rama University through an online questionnaire. We used a self-modified questionnaire based on the Global Adult Alcohol Survey (GATS) to assess Alcohol use status and the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) to assess physical activity. Results: The chance of consuming Alcohol is significantly lower among physically active respondents. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a significant relationship between physical activity and Alcohol use among youth. Promotion of physical activity may be a useful educational tool for reducing Alcohol use. Introduction Alcohol use is an important modifiable risk factor for major non-communicable diseases NCDs [1]. Globally, more than 1.1 billion people use Alcohol, which is significantly more common among males than females. This alarming number represents about one-third of the global population aged 15 years and above [2]. The problem is of particular concern in India, where tobacco-related mortality is highest. According to the Global Adult Alcohol Survey 2016-17, current Alcohol users in India among youth aged 15-24 years is 12.4% [3.4]. People who start using Alcohol at an early age are more likely to develop serious health complications [5]. According to the ICMR-INDIAB study, 54.4% of the Indian population surveyed were found to be physically inactive [6]. Recently, India’s performance was fairly poor in the concurrent preparation of Report Cards on the physical activity of children and youth in 38 world countries [7]. Growing evidence reveals a bidirectional relationship between Alcohol use and physical activity. Another systematic review shows that exercise seems to have a protective effect against smoking as well as a supportive impact on smoking cessation treatments[8]. Aims and Objective This study assesses the relationship between tobacco use and physical activity among college-going youth at Rama University, Kanpur. MATERIAL&METHODS Study Type: Cross-sectional study. Study Population: A college-based survey was conducted among the youth population. StudyArea: RamaUniversity, Kanpur. PeriodofStudy:01October,2023 to 28 October, 2023[4Weeks] SampleSize: 200 Sampling Method: Simple Random Method inclusion criteria: exclusion criteria: Strategy for collection: All students were divided into two strata – Medical & Non-Medical. The field investigator (FI)visited the students and explained the needs, objectives, and methodology for the study. Then a google form was shared among the students. The respondents were briefed up about the study objectives and were encouraged to clarify doubts before or during filling up the questionnaire. No names or emails were collected to maintain the anonymity of the respondents. We used a self-modified questionnaire based on the Global Adult Alcohol Survey (GATS) for assessing Alcohol use status and GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) for assessment of physical activity. RESULTS The study included 200 students aged 18-24 from medical and non-medical courses. The majority were males (72.5%). Current alcohol users were 13%, and least physical activity was observed in 27.5%. [Table1] The socio-demographic profile along with Alcohol use and level of physical activity of respondents is shown in [Table-1] The relationship between physical activity and Alcohol use among youth [Table] shows that non-alcohol users were physically more active (moderately active, 58.6% +veryactive,15.5%=74.1%) compared to Alcohol users (moderately active, 34.6% + very active, 26.9% = 61.5%). The inactivity level was higher among Alcohol users (38.4%) as compared to non-alcohol users (25.8%). The relationship between Gender and Alcohol use [Table 4] shows that there were more Alcohol users in males (69.4%) as compared to females (30.6%). Gender: Do You Want to Quit alcohol to enhance your physical activities? How much time has passed since you started consuming alcohol?     Have you noticed a reduction in your physique or stamina due to consuming alcohol? TABLE 1: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICPROFILEOFCOLLEGEGOINGYOUTHOFRAMAUNIVERSITY, KANPUR   Variable   Number(N=200)   %   Male 112 56.5% Gender     Female   88 43.5%   18-20   104   52.5%   Age Group(years)   21-22   54   27.%   23-24   42   21.5%   Non-Alcoholusers   170   85% Alcohol Use(Present)     Alcoholusers   30 15%   Alcohol Use(Past)   Non-Alcohol users   166   83% [Last consumption of             Alcohol>1year back] Alcohol users 34 17%   Not so Active   55   27.5%   Physical Activity Level   Moderately Active   109   54.5%     Very Active   36   18% TABLE 2: RELATIONSHIPOFPHYSICALACTIVITYANDALCOHOLUSEAMONGYOUTH   Physical ActivityLevel Non-Alcohol users(N=170) Alcohol users(N=30)   Numbers                                  %   Numbers   % NotsoActive 44                                   22% 12 6% Moderately Active   100                                  50%   10   5% VeryActive 26                                   13% 8 4% TABLE 3: RELATIONSHIP OF GENDER AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY         Gender PhysicalActivityLevel Not so Active (N=55) Moderately Active (N=109)   Very Active(N=36) Numbers                  % Numbers % Numbers % Male 44                   80% 76 69.7% 25 69.4% Female 11                   20% 33 30.3% 11 30.6%   TABLE 4: RELATIONSHIPOFGENDERANDALCOHOLUSE       Gender         Male     Female   Non-Alcohol users (N=174)   Alcohol users(N=26)                                            Numbers                                 % Numbers %   98                                57.6%   22   83.4%   72                                 42.4%   8   26.6% DISCUSSION The present study was an attempt to assess the level of physical activity and its relationship with Alcohol use. We found that almost one-fourth of the participants were physically inactive, and almost one-fourth of the participants were exposed to tobacco. Both these variables showed significant inverse associations in the study. Another finding observed in

Teheran heart center
Volume 1 Issue 1

Comparative Analysis of Sternal Closure Methods Following CABG Surgery: A Study from the Tehran Heart Center

/

Research Article Siyamak Jalal Hosseini1*, Soheil Mansourian2, Mohammadreza Shoghli3, Hermon Eyob Fesseha4 , Rajesh Jain5 Submitted: 14 June 2024;Accepted: 10 July 2024; Published: 27 June 2024 1. Assistant Professor, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2. Professor Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3. Doctoral Researchers, Department of Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 4. Hermon Eyob Fesseha: MD, cardiology resident, Peijas Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS), University of Eastern Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 5. Consultant Diabetes, Jain hospital & research Centre, Kanpur, India. Corresponding Author:1* Assistant Professor, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. email [email protected] Abstract: This study examined 204 patients undergoing CABG surgery at Tehran Heart Center between Ordibehesht 1402 and Ordibehesht 1403 for postoperative complications. Objective: Investigation and Comparison of Complications in Single-Wire and Double-Wire Sternal Closure Methods Following Open Heart Surgery in Patients Referred to Tehran Heart Center from May 2023 to May 2024 Methods: Patients were divided into two groups of 102 each, with Group 1 undergoing sternal closure using a single-wire method and Group 2 using a double-wire method. Results: All patients were discharged after surgery and followed up for one year. The age range was 44 to 75, with 21 patients aged 45-55 (10%), 133 patients aged 55-65 (65%), and 50 patients aged 65-75 (24%). Both groups had similar age distributions. Of the total patients, 78 were female (38.2%) and 126 were male (61.8%), indicating a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in males. In Group 1, 37% were women and 63% were men; in Group 2, 39% were women and 61% were men. We compared four parameters between the two groups: infection, pain, stability, and tissue reaction. In Group 1, 8 patients (7%) developed superficial skin infections, with a readmission rate of 1%. In Group 2, 6 patients (5%) developed superficial infections, with one readmission. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in infection rates between the two methods. Regarding pain after surgery, 17 patients in Group 1 (10%) reported postoperative pain, which decreased to 2% after three months and disappeared completely after one year. In Group 2, 24 patients experienced pain, which also resolved within a year. However, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in pain rates between the two groups, indicating more pain in patients with double-wire closure. Conclusion: The two groups had no significant differences in stability and tissue reaction. Our study suggests that the single-wire closure method may lead to less postoperative pain in stable patients without risk factors, contributing to earlier recovery and improved quality of life. Methodology and Procedure: We conducted a comparative study on sternal closure methods following CABG surgery among patients treated at the Tehran Heart Center between 2022 and 2024. We divided all patients into two groups, each consisting of 102 individuals. Gender distribution and age demographics were carefully balanced between the groups to prevent selection bias. Patients with poorly controlled metabolic diseases were excluded from the study. Group 1 underwent sternal closure using a single-wire method, while Group 2 underwent closure with double wires. After performing surgeries on all 204 patients, they were discharged from the hospital and followed up for one-year post-surgery. The age range of the patients was from 44 to 75, with 21 patients aged 45-55 (10%), 133 patients aged 55-65 (65%), and 50 patients aged 65-75 (24%). Both groups had similar age distributions. Of the total, 78 patients were women, and 126 were men, consistent with the documented higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in men. Group 1 comprised 37% women and 63% men, while Group 2 had 39% women and 61% men. We analyzed four parameters across both groups: infection, pain, stability, and tissue reaction. In Group 1, 8 patients (7%) developed infections from sternotomy, with one patient requiring readmission. Similarly, in Group 2, 6 patients developed infections, with one readmission. Statistical analysis using SPSS showed no significant difference in infection rates between the two closure methods. Both groups showed similar stability and tissue reaction outcomes, with no dehiscence or adverse tissue reactions observed. A sternal dehiscence is a catastrophic event in cardiac surgery. Both sternal closure methods yielded comparable outcomes in stable patients without risk factors. However, the double-wire method required a longer operation than the single-wire method. In the assessment of post-CABG pain, remarkable findings emerged. In Group 1, 44 patients experienced pain, with 32 having mild pain, 10 moderate pain, and 2 severe pain. In contrast, Group 2 had 55 patients reporting pain, with 40 experiencing mild pain, 11 moderate pain, and 4 severe pain. After three months, only one patient in Group 1 continued to experience pain, which resolved by the sixth month. Conversely, all patients in Group 2 were pain-free after six months. Statistical analysis revealed that 43% of patients in Group 1 experienced pain compared to 53% in Group 2. Based on these findings, we concluded that avoiding double-wire sternal closure in stable patients (those without poorly controlled metabolic conditions, risk factors, sepsis, or osteopenia) could enhance the quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes following CABG surgery. Introduction Currently, most heart surgeries are performed via midline sternotomy. This type of incision was first proposed in 1857 and gained popularity in 1957. Generally, sternotomy complications are rare; however, they are usually serious when they occur. The most common complications include infection and mediastinitis [1]. Sternotomy is a surgical procedure in which surgeons make a vertical incision along the midline of the chest. This approach replaced the previous bilateral thoracotomy method. Sternotomy became popular mainly because it is less painful than previous models, and it quickly became apparent that it could lead to problems such as infection or wound dehiscence [1].  Sternotomy is a surgical procedure in which the surgeon creates an internal vertical incision along the midline of the chest. This allows access to the entire chest area, including the heart and lungs [2]. This approach has several advantages, including less pain, better access to pleural cavities, and greater protection of chest muscles [7]. Overall, sternotomy is a relatively

vs
Cadeditors

Prof Dr. V. Seshiah, MD, FRCP, DSc, DSc, DSc., Patron Diabetes Asia & Associate Editor

/

31, Ormes Road, Kilpauk, Chennai 10, Email: [email protected] and [email protected] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Veeraswamy-Seshiah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veeraswamy_Seshiah Biography of Prof Dr.V. Seshiah Prof V Seshiah, MD, FRCP. D.Sc (Hony). D.Sc (Hony), D.Sc (Hony). An illustrious Journey of a distinguished diabetologist Prof V Seshiah, Honorary Distinguished Professor for Life, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai. Tamilnadu. Entered his 80th year on 10th March 2017 (now 83 yr). Prof Seshiah is a visionary, an astute clinician, a teacher of par excellence, and revered as the Father of Diabetology in India. One must know the length and depth of his work as an author and authority in diabetes, especially gestational diabetes. Day by day, year by year, and decade by decade, his work on diabetes has continuously enlightened clinicians. Path-breaking evidence became the source of guidance and reference not only in practice but also in policy decisions. His topics span all diabetes, especially hyperglycemia in pregnancy, epidemiology, and therapeutics. He is always entirely up to date. Prof Veeraswamy Seshiah was born in Perambur, North Chennai, Tamilnadu, on 10th March 1938 to Mr. V V Veeraswamy and Mrs. Bavanamma (a person with an aura of gold appearance). Prof Seshiah’s father was in Railways, and his mother was a homemaker. Other family members were his elder brother, Prof Dr. V Perumal, and a younger sister, Ms. Gajalaxshmi. His brother served as Director of Drug Control in Tamil Nadu, and his sister has been a housewife. The family lived at (Madras) Chennai throughout. Prof Seshiah, in his childhood, had been a frank and obedient child. Remembering an unforgettable incident, he said he met with an accident when he was five years old. They were asked to vacate and move out of Madras during the Second World Wartime to a village near Tindivanam. Once, he fell when he had a joy ride on a bullock cart with his playmates. His head came under the cart’s wheel, and it was a massive tearing of skin and scalp. It took months to recover from that injury, and that big scar is still present on the right lateral side of his scalp. Humorously, he said that he became very brilliant after that accident! After his intermediate, his father wanted him to do engineering because his elder brother was already in medicine, but he could not get through. His elder brother asked him to appear for Medicine and Engineering the second time. This time, he was cleared for medicine, and his brother backed him to do Medicine only; he says he was destined to do therapy. He joined the Madras Medical College in 1957, and this year, he will celebrate his Diamond Jubilee. In 1962, during the Chinese war, there was a shortage of volunteers joining the army; Prof. Seshiah volunteered to join the Indian army as a Lieutenant in the Army Medical Corps. In 1963, he became captain and was posted as a medical officer for the 1/3 Gurka battalion and then for the 7th Bihar infantry battalion in Jammu and Kashmir. In 1965, he took part in the Indo-Pak war at “Uri­ Poonch” Bulge, J&K. In recognition of his service in the war theatre, he was awarded two prestigious awards: “SAMAR SEVA STAR 1965″ AND” SAINYA SEVA MEDAL “with clasp Himalayas. Qualifications Year University M. B. B. S 1963 Madras university M.D (Gen Med) 1973 Madras university D.Sc (Hony) 1987 Colombo university FRCP 2008 Royal College of Physicians, Glasgow D.Sc (Hony) 2008 The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai D.Sc (Hony) 2016 Bharath University Professional Experience March 1963-1967 Armed Forces Medical Services March 1967-1970 Asst Surgeon, Govt Chest Institute March 1970-1972 Postgraduate in Medicine April 1972- 1973 April Asst Surgeon, Govt. Kilpauk Medical College & Hospital, Chennai May 1973- 1976 Feb Asst Prof of Medicine, Kilpauk Medical College & Hospital, Chennai   Feb 1976- 1978 Nov Asst Prof of Medicine & Diabetology Madras Medical College and Govt Gen Hospital, Chennai Nov 1978-1981 May Reader in Diabetology, Madras Medical College, Diabetologist, Govt Gen Hospital, Chennai. May 1981- 1991 Sep Prof of Diabetology, Madras Medical College, Diabetologist, Govt Gen Hospital, Chennai. Aug 1986- 2009 Feb Medical Director, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai Nov 1991- 1996       Emeritus Professor, Dept of Diabetology, Madras Medical College. Present Designation  Founder, Dr. Balaji Diabetes Care Center, and Dr V Seshiah Diabetes Research Institute                Recognitions RECOGNITIONS: He is a pioneer in the field of Diabetes in Pregnancy. In recognition of his work, he has been invited as a speaker/expert member of national and international scientific bodies.

Cadeditors

Dr Sadhana Tiwari, Assistant Editor Diabetes Asia Journal

/

MD Fellow, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur [email protected] After completing my M.B.B.S from a reputable institution, I have chosen Obstetrics and Gynecology as my area of specialization due to its diverse nature. The need for surgical, medical, and patient care skills that cover a wide range of age groups, from pediatric to geriatric populations, is a challenge I am eager to take on. Professional Development Education Examination Year Institution/Board/ University   Details High School 2010 CBSE Board 1st Division 98 % Intermediate 2012 CBSE Board 1st Division 94 % MBBS Registration No. – 84647 2013-2019 MRA Medical College Ambedkar Nagar 71% M.S (Obs & Gynaecolgy) 2022-2025 GSVM Medical College Kanpur JR-III Papers & Publications 2. An article on Early detection & treatment of impaired glucose & hyperinsulinemia in early pregnancy to prevent Diabetes & cardiovascular disease in adults published in Journal of Hypertension Vol 41, e-supplement 3, December 2023 3. An article on the Demographic and clinical characteristics of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in the tertiary eye care center was published in the National Journal of Medical and Allied Science, Vol 12, Issue 1, 2023. 4. A case report on Rhabdomyosarcoma a rare case soft tissue tumor of extraocular muscle of eye published in International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (IJSDR) Volume 8 Issue 7 2023. 5. A poster on a study on the prevention of Gestational diabetes mellitus and its sequelae by administering Metformin was published in IDF Virtual Congress 2023. 6. An ongoing research paper on preventing Gestational Diabetes mellitus during the first trimester to improve pregnancy outcomes will be published in a Lancet manuscript. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sadhana-Tiwari-10

Cadeditors

Prof Dr. Anju Gahlot, Associate Editor Diabetes Asia Journal

/

HOD, Department of Community Medicine, Rama Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Mandhana, Kanpur [email protected] Professional Qualifications 1989-1991: (M.D.) Community Medicine Gajra Raja Government Medical College, Gwalior, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, M.P. Registration No: 9324 dated 24.09.2008, Medical Council India 1982-1987: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Gajra Raja Government Medical College, Gwalior, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, M.P. Registration No: 9324 dated 24.09.2008, Medical Council India Work Experience 30/11/88 – 29/12/91 (3 years): Senior Resident, Dept. of Community Medicine Gajra Raja Government Medical College, Gwalior, 20/08/08-31/09/12 (4 years 1 month): Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine, Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur. 01/10/12-31/09/15(3 years): Associate Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine, Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur. 01/10/15-Till date (5 years 6 months): Professor and head of the department, Dept. of Community Medicine, Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur. PG teacher-MD 2012–till date 2024(12 years) Chief guide of – 18 MD students Life membership, IAPSM (Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine) Courses/ Workshops:       8. Resource faculty in a basic course in medical education  at Rama Medical College from 20/8/2024 to 1/5/2024 Paper Publications:      7 ( international), 14 (national), 4 (State) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anju-Gahlot-2

Cadeditors

Prof (Dr.) Rakesh Ranjan Pathak, Associate Editor Statistics Diabetes Asia

/

Professor & Head, (Since 12.04.2019) (regd university PG teacher/ Ph D guide); Dept. of Pharmacology, GMERS Medical College, Morbi (Gujarat), India. Email: [email protected] and [email protected] (Σ teaching experience – 25 Years) (25 medical articles [including 1 editorial, 7 educational forum articles, and 1 metaphor]) Mandatory training Trained at Nodal Center in 1. revised basic 2. CISP 3. AETCOM) Resource faculty for MEU training in revised basic, CISP & AETCOM BCBR (87%) Experience *16.04.2001 – 11.11.2009 (tutor) 12.11.2009 – 24.02.2014 (Assistant Professor) 25.02.2014 – 11.04.2019 (Associate Professor) Referee, oral presentation/convener, biostatistics quiz/ expert, Panel discussion (BioCon; Sankalchand Patel University) Editor, IJBCP (Int. J of Basic & Clin Pharmacology) IJMSPH (Int. J Medical Sciences & Public Health) NJPPP (Nat J Pharmacology, Pharmacy & Physiotherapy), Diabetes Asia Journal Subject expert in teacher appointment, Kachchh University Govt appointed inspector, nursing college, Bhabhar (Gujarat) Professional Education *MBBS (IMS, BHU, Varanasi) *MD (Pharmacology), MBA(Healthcare service), T2TM(Harvard), CCMS(Stanford), ACSR( John Hopkins) (Med Biostat). Publications/Seminar Dissertation * Book (3rd ed from CBS publishers, N. Delhi) Folly and Fraud in Medical Biostatistics Chapter in Crucial Pharmacology Trends by Medical Pharmacology Society Oration (3), extra-curricular papers (10 on Indology), online articles (5), posters (13) Confer/ Symp/ Semin/ Colloq State National International 13 14 16 Workshop 1 3 10 Training 2 12 4 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rakesh-Ranjan-Pathak/research https://www.linkedin.com/in/rakesh-ranjan-pathak-25b8073

Cadeditors

Taherah Mohammadabadi   Bsc, Msc, PhD Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology

/

Associate Editor Diabetes Asia Journal (DAJ), email: [email protected] and [email protected] https://www.linkedin.com/in/taherah-m-bb5695175/ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Taherah-Mohammadabadi Professor Dr. Taherah Mohammadabadi   Bsc, Msc, PhDFaculty of Animal Science and Food TechnologyAgricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran Field and Interests: Dairy Products, Milk Quality, Camel Milk and Health Complications, Food Technology, Herbalist, Animal Science, Gut Microorganisms of Animals. She completed her PhD in Iran and Australia and has been a researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia. She has shared her research findings at various international conferences in countries such as [Middle East, Europe]. With over a decade of experience as an academic member, researcher, and teacher in the Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology at the University of Khuzestan, Iran, she has demonstrated her expertise and leadership in the field. She has an extensive experience in academic supervision, having guided 10 PhD and more than 30 MSc students. She has also supervised more than 45 MSc and PhD theses. In addition, she has over 200 published publications, conference presentations, and scientific projects. Also, some books on phytochemicals and microbes, probiotics, bioactive components in livestock milk, gut microorganisms of animals, milk lactoferrin and health, and diabetes properties of camel milk.  She is a member of the editorial board and reviewer of many international and national journals. She has successfully completed several unique research projects, each of which has [specific unique aspect]. Currently, she is leading a pioneering project that aims to enhance the quality and medicinal properties of camel and buffalo milk through [specific innovative approach]. She isolated some biologic enzymes from animal gut microorganisms, such as tannin-degrading bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and cellulolytic bacteria, as probiotics. She is currently starting to isolate lactic acid bacteria from camel and buffalo milk and fermented products to make commercial probiotics for human health. Her work is not just theoretical, but practical, with a focus on enhancing the quality and health benefits of animal products such as milk and meat through dietary manipulation, inspiring potential real-world applications.

Cadeditors

Dr Rajesh Jain – MD, Editor

/

Consultant Diabetes Jain Hospital & Research Centre Pvt Ltd, Feb 2007 – Present Kanpur, UP, India, Email:[email protected] & [email protected]   Ex. Project Manager, Diabetes Prevention Control Project, with National health Mission Chair, Diabetes Asia 58 papers presented at International & National forum 7 Book Chapters on Diabetes & Gestational diabetes & 3 Book. 88 publications on Diabetes, Nutrition, Hypertension & its complications in index Journals. Collaborator, Global Burden of Disease Collaborator, Univ of Washington Project Reviewer, Medical Research Council MRC, UK Reviewer for Annals of Internal Medicine, DRCP, IJDDC, BMC Pregnancy, World Journal of Diabetes & 26 Pub Med Journal Associate Editor World Journal of Diabetes Member of National Consultative Committee For GDM, MOHFW, GOI. Awarded for Largest Global Diabetes walk in Uttar Pradesh with National health Mission.. Author of Book ‘Avatar’ published by Penguin 4 Appreciation Letters received from Mother Teresa for Work on Destitute. Representative for High-Level (UN) High-Level Meeting on NCDs at United Nation. Professional Experience Surveillance Medical Officer Surveillance Medical offices-WHO, Polio Eradication & Immunization,May 2001 – Dec 2004India   ICU ResidentPSRI Multispecialty Hospital, Jun 1999 to Jun 2000 Delhi, India  Education Post Graduate Diploma Diabetes, Feb 2017 – Apr 2018University of South Wales, South Wales, UKMD (Public Health/ Community Medicine), May 1996 – May 1999Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, UP, IndiaMBBS, 1990 – Apr 1994Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, UP, India https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rajesh-Jain-8 Professional Affiliation  https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-rajesh-jain-md-diabetes-419b741b/ Consultant DiabetesJain hospital & Research Centre Pvt Ltd, Feb 2007 – Present Kanpur, UP, India   Ex. Project Manager, Diabetes Prevention Control Project, with National health Mission Chair, Diabetes Asia 58 papers presented at International & National forum 7 Book Chapters on Diabetes & Gestational diabetes & 3 Book. 88 publications on Diabetes, Nutrition, Hypertension & its complications in index Journals. Collaborator, Global Burden of Disease Collaborator, Univ of Washington Project Reviewer, Medical Research Council MRC, UK Reviewer for Annals of Internal Medicine, DRCP, IJDDC, BMC Pregnancy, World Journal of Diabetes & 26 Pub Med Journal Associate Editor World Journal of Diabetes Member of National Consultative Committee For GDM, MOHFW, GOI. Awarded for Largest Global Diabetes walk in Uttar Pradesh with National health Mission.. Author of Book ‘Avatar’ published by Penguin 4 Appreciation Letters received from Mother Teresa for Work on Destitute. Representative for High-Level (UN) High-Level Meeting on NCDs at United Nation. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rajesh-Jain-8   Surveillance Medical OfficerSurveillance Medical offices-WHO, Polio Eradication & Immunization,May 2001 – Dec 2004India   ICU ResidentPSRI Multispecialty Hospital, Jun 1999 to Jun 2000 Delhi, India  Education Post Graduate Diploma Diabetes, Feb 2017 – Apr 2018University of South Wales, South Wales, UKMD (Public Health/ Community Medicine), May 1996 – May 1999Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, UP, IndiaMBBS, 1990 – Apr 1994Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, UP, India

Volume 1 Issue 1

Herbal Cellular Concentrate for Type 2 Diabetes

/

Taherah Mohammadabadi1*, Rajesh Jain2, and S.A. Anatolievitch3 1 Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran.  2 Jain Hospital & Research Centre Pvt Ltd, Medicine, Kanpur, India. 3 NPO Evolyutsiya, Research Department, Novosibirsk, Russia. Submitted: 19 May 2024; Accepted: 25 June 2024; Published: 29 June 2024 Corresponding Author: Department of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran. Email: *[email protected] Abstract Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders associated with chronic hyperglycemia in the blood due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin function, or both. Although the proper treatment of diabetes includes insulin injection continuously to maintain blood glucose levels, nowadays, there is an increasing interest in the use of alternative approaches for treating insulin resistance, and T2D Chicory significantly reduces blood sugar and glucose fluctuations, increases metabolism due to inulin in type 2 diabetes patients with excess weight. Equisetum arvense is one of the most effective plants for blood sugar, stabilizing metabolism, and hormone production. Tuberous roots are rich in inulin, enabling glucose utilization in the human body, and can potentially ameliorate insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. Blueberry leaves improve insulin sensitivity and action. Galega officinalis lowers blood sugar levels for prediabetes and type-2 diabetes patients. Due to the side effects and temporary use of chemical drugs, herbal and natural medicines and chemical drugs are recommended for people with diabetes. However, more scientific studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of herbal supplements in diabetes cases. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Herbal Cellular Concentrate, health Introduction Scientists studied the traditional herbalists’ recipes and unfolded their full potential by improving the formulas and preparing the herbs in a new way. Diabetes mellitus is the most widespread metabolic disease in the world. It is a group of metabolic disorders associated with glucose consumption failures and chronic hyperglycemia. Therefore, the development of either absolute or relative insulin insufficiency in the blood occurs due to a defect in the insulin secretion or insulin function, which leads to hyperglycemia development. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that destroys pancreatic beta cells in producing insulin. Type 2 diabetes causes an increase in blood glucose due to decreased insulin secretion and function (Pallag et al., 2016). Diabetes is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and complications such as neuropathy, arteriopathy, kidney dysfunctions, cardiomyopathy, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney and liver failures. Although the proper treatment of diabetes includes continuous insulin injections to maintain blood glucose levels, nowadays, researchers are following some natural herbs for diabetes (Pallag et al., 2016). This study aimed to use the herbal Concentrate as many people around the globe as possible and make their lives healthier. How is herbal cellular concentrate effective on diabetes? Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders associated with chronic hyperglycemia in the blood due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin function, or both. Although proper diabetes treatment includes insulin injection continuously to maintain blood glucose levels, there is an increasing interest in using alternative approaches for treating insulin resistance and T2D. Chicory significantly reduces blood sugar and glucose fluctuations and increases metabolism due to inulin in type 2 diabetes patients with excess weight. Equisetum arvense is one of the most effective plants for blood sugar, stabilizing metabolism, and hormone production. Tuberous roots are rich in inulin, enabling glucose utilization in the human body, and can potentially ameliorate insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. Blueberry leaves improve insulin sensitivity and action. Galega officinalis lowers blood sugar levels for prediabetes and type-2 diabetes patients. Due to the side effects and temporary use of chemical drugs, herbal and natural medicines and chemical drugs are recommended for people with diabetes. However, more scientific studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of herbal and natural supplements in treating diabetes. Herbal concentrate of 11 herbs results in our research on 150 Patients in a pilot study showed a significant reduction in mild to moderate type 2 diabetes to prediabetes condition, and prediabetes seems to reverse in this study by Jain et al. Chicory and diabetes Chicory (Cichorium intybus L) is a main crop in northwestern Europe, and the chicory roots are rich in fiber inulin (Roberfroid, 2007). A bitter drink made from chicory roots is a substitute for coffee in France and Japan, where people of all ages can drink chicory root extract due to its noncaffeine components. Chicory inulin leads to decreasing energy calorie intake and is a powerful substitute for dietary fat (Nishimura et al., 2015). Inulin is a fructo-oligosaccharide, a fructose polymer with b (2/1) glycosidic linkages. Inulin in chicory significantly reduces blood sugar and glucose fluctuations (Nishimura et al., 2015).  Thus, chicory has an inulin content of 150 g kg-1 on a fresh weight basis and 750 g kg-1 on a dry weight basis (Letexier et al., 2003). Chicory increases metabolism and weight loss; therefore, it is highly recommended for type 2 diabetes patients with excess weight. Chicory provides high vitamins B and C and boosts energy levels. The presence of high vitamins and microelements enhances immune responses. The infusion and brew of Chicory increase appetite and regulate digestive activity (Nishimura et al., 2015). In one clinical trial on type 2 diabetic women, using 10 g/d inulin for 2 months improved the concentration of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and reduced malondialdehyde levels compared with using maltodextrin (Pourghassem Gargari et al., 2013). Also, consuming 12 g/d inulin for 2 weeks was tolerated by adults. It caused a significant improvement in bowel movements and substantially increased Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cases with average fecal Bifidobacterium (García-Peris et al., 2012). In another trial, cases who used the chicory root extract for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in the changes of HbA1c compared with the control. No significant differences in the fasting blood glucose or insulin and total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride, or serum adiponectin were observed before and after consumption of chicory root extract. Inulin fructans can modulate lipid metabolism in human cases and animal models (Nishimura et al., 2015). Using 10 g inulin/d

Volume 1 Issue 1

Assessment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Under Graduate Medical Students

/

Research Article Anju Gahlot1, Lakshmi Singh,2 Rajesh Jain3 1Dr.Anju Gahlot, Professor, Department of Community Medicine, RMCHRC, Kanpur 2Dr.Lakshmi Singh, Senior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, RMCHRC, Kanpur 3Dr.Rajesh Jain, Professor, Department of Community Medicine, RMCH, RC, Kanpur Submitted: 17 May 2024; Accepted: 15 June Dec 2024; Published: 28 June 2024 Corresponding author: Dr Lakshmi Singh, Department of Community Medicine, RMCHRC, Mandhana, Kanpur, India Email address: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Assessing hearing loss in undergraduates is crucial to ensuring their academic success and overall well-being. Early detection and intervention can significantly improve educational outcomes and quality of life. Aims and objectives: To assess noise-induced hearing loss in undergraduate medical students And create awareness about the harms of earphones and stereo usage. Methodology: the data was collected using a pre-designed, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire, which included the frequency of earphone usage per day, duration of listening earphones, playing stereo at high volumes, and duration of stereo usage by simple random sampling. Key Words: Noise Induced Hearing Loss, NIHL, Students, Diabetes 2 Type INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization estimates that around 360 million individuals have moderate to profound hearing loss for various reasons[1]. Occupational or firearm-related exposure, as well as recreational activities, have been traditionally linked to rates of hearing loss[2-3]. In 2015, the World Health Organization also highlighted that approximately 1.1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss due to unsafe listening behaviors, especially related to recreational activities such as using personal audio devices with high-volume music for extended periods and exposure to loud environments like bars, entertainment venues, and sporting events[3]. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has played a significant role in hearing health by developing standards for estimating hearing thresholds and noise-induced hearing impairment[4]. These standards are based on data from various countries’ noise and hearing study databases. The emphasis on standardization and scientific rigor aims to strengthen the reliability of the data and the robustness of research in this field. In the United States, hearing is one of the health outcomes measured by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a program conducted by the National Centre for Health Statistics to assess individuals’ health and nutritional status. Researchers use audiometric notches in a hearing test, which are dips in the ability to hear certain frequencies, as indicators of possible noise-induced hearing loss. According to 2011 data, about 24% of adults aged 20–69 in the United States exhibit an audiometric notch, with variations based on age, gender, race/ethnicity, and occupational noise exposure[5]. For example, a study of 6,557 automotive manufacturing workers in China reported that in 62% of the evaluated settings, noise levels exceeded the recommended level of 85 dBA. The prevalence of hearing loss varied across different job categories and was associated with both noise levels and cumulative noise exposure[6]. Occupational noise exposure is the primary risk factor for work-related hearing loss, highlighting the need for policy changes. A study analyzed hearing test results from 2000 to 2008 for workers aged 18–65 with higher occupational noise exposure than the average worker[7]. The study revealed concerning statistics: 18% of the surveyed workers had hearing loss, with the mining industry showing the highest prevalence and risk at around 27%. Other sectors with higher prevalence and risk included construction (23.48%), manufacturing (especially wood products and non-metallic mineral products at 19.89%), apparel (20.18%), and machinery (21.51%). Estimates for rates of hearing loss were reported for people in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting[8](AFFH) sector. The overall prevalence of hearing loss was 15%, but some subsectors of those industries exceeded that rate. The highest prevalence was found among forest nurseries and gathering of forest products workers at 36% and timber tract operations at 22%. The aquaculture sub-sector had the highest adjusted risk (adjusted probability ratio of 1.7) among all sub-sectors of the AFFH industries[9]. The same methodology was used to determine the prevalence of hearing loss among noise-exposed U.S. workers within the healthcare and social assistance sector. The prevalence of hearing loss in the medical laboratory’s subsector was 31%, and in the offices of all other miscellaneous health practitioner’s subsector was 24%. The child day-care services subsector had a 52% higher risk than the reference industry. While the overall sector prevalence for hearing loss was 19%, the prevalence in the medical laboratories and the offices of all other health practitioners’ sectors was 31% and 24%, respectively. The child day-care services subsector had a 52% higher risk than the reference industry of workers not exposed to noise at work (couriers and messengers). Audiometric records show that about 33% of working-age adults with occupational noise exposure have evidence of noise-induced hearing damage, and 16% of noise-exposed workers have material hearing impairment[10] The percentage of hearing loss in people with diabetes ranges from 5.3% to 28.1%, while in people without diabetes it ranges from 3.4% to 24.1%. The risk associated with hearing loss in people with diabetes ranges from 22.8% to 35.1%, compared to 17.2% to 20.1% in those without diabetes. This is quite eye-opening. The correlation between type 2 diabetes and hearing impairment was found to be independent of risk factors for hearing impairment, such as noise exposure, earwax build-up, ototoxic medication, smoking, and tobacco use[11]. Aim and Objectives:1. To assess noise-induced hearing loss in undergraduate medical students 2. To create awareness about the harms of earphones and stereo usage. Material and Methods: Study type: cross-sectional study Study population: undergraduate students of Rama Medical College, Kanpur Study area: Rama Medical College, Kanpur Study duration: March 2024 to May 2024 Inclusion criteria: students who gave consent Exclusion criteria: students who were not willing Sampling technique: simple random sampling. Sample Size: according to a previous study by Natarajan et al. in 2017, the proportion of noise-induced hearing loss varies from 16% to 21% across various geographic regions. (2)Applying a formula for one proportion, i.e., N= 4PQ/D2 P=21% Q=100 -P=100-21=79% D= 5% as Absolute precision N=4X21X79/52=265, adding 10% non-response, was 291, but we could select 300 students. Data collection: from available Four batches of undergraduate students, two

READY TO INSPIRE, INNOVATE, AND INFLUENCE? SUBMIT YOUR WORK TODAY!

Submit Your Manuscript

SHARE WITH YOUR COLLEAGUES!

Scroll to Top