Type 2 Diabetes
You’re said to be type 2 diabetic if your body does not make or use insulin well. Diabetes is a life-long disease that affects the way your body handles glucose, a kind of sugar, in your blood. Diabetes is a number of diseases that involve problems with the hormone insulin.
You can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. However, this type of diabetes occurs most often in middle-aged and older people.
Type 2 diabetes has been one of the fastest growing conditions over the course of the last century and researchers have been looking at what other factors could be contributing to the steep rise in incidence.
Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes. India has almost 61.3 million type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 77.2 million prediabetes patients.There are about 27 million people in the U.S. with it. Another 86 million have prediabetes. Their blood glucose is not normal, but not high enough to be diabetes yet.
SYMPTOMS
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes due to high blood sugar may include:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Increased hunger (especially after eating)
- Dry mouth
- Unexplained weight loss (even though you are eating and feel hungry)
- Fatigue (weak, tired feeling)
- Blurred vision
- Headaches
- Loss of consciousness (rare)
- Obesity
OTHER SYMPTOMS
- Slow-healing sores or cuts
- Itching of the skin (usually around the vaginal or groin area)
- Frequent yeast infections
- Recent weight gain or unexplained weight loss
- Velvety dark skin changes of the neck, armpit, and groin, called acanthosis nigricans
- Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet
- Decreased vision
- Erectile dysfunction (impotency)
RISK FACTOR
type 2 diabetes risk factors include the following:
- You’re high risk of type 2 diabetes if you have High blood pressure
- You’ve risk of type 2 diabetes if you have High blood triglyceride (fat) levels
- Gestational diabetes or giving birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds
- You’re high risk of type 2 diabetes if you have High-fat and carbohydrate diet
- If you take High alcohol You’ve high risk of type 2 diabetes .
- You’re high risk of type 2 diabetes if you have Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity or being overweight is the main risk factor of type 2 diabetes.
Increasing age is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes begins to rise significantly at about age 45, and rises considerably after age 65.
CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
- lack of physical activity are the most comman cause of type 2 diabetes
- When the pancreas does not produce any insulin.
- When the pancreas produces very little insulin.
- When the body does not respond appropriately to insulin, a condition called “insulin resistance.”
- Dietary factors are often viewed as a prominent cause of diabetes and often incorrect assumptions that it is the only factor linked to a cause are made.
- Research indicates that Unbalanced diet can play important part in type 2 diabetes
physical stress or mental stress, has been proven to instigate changes in blood sugar levels, which for people with diabetes can be problematic.
research has been published which indicates that pollution and other chemicals which we commonly face in our daily lives might increase the risks of type 2 diabetes.
TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
- If you’ve any symptom of above in your body meet the prescribed Doctor immediately.
- If You’re diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the first approach to treatment will be making changes to your lifestyle. These include taking regular exercise, eating a healthy diet and losing weight if you are overweight or obese.
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If you have type 2 diabetes, you may need (or eventually need) medicines that reduce high levels of blood sugar.
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If you have type 2 diabetes, your GP or diabetes healthcare team will need to take a reading of your long-term blood glucose level about every three to four months.
- The test that is used to measure your blood glucose levels over the previous 6-12 weeks is known as the HbA1c (IFCC) test. HbA1c is a form of haemoglobin, the chemical that carries oxygen in red blood cells, which also has glucose attached to it. This needs to be checked every three to four months. The HbA1c (IFCC) test will usually be less than 7.0% (53mmol/mol).
- People with type 2 diabetes sometimes need insulin. It could be a short-term fix for a stressful situation, or because other medicines aren’t enough to control their blood sugar.
- People with type 2 diabetes sometimes need insulin. It could be a short-term fix for a stressful situation, or because other medicines aren’t enough to control their blood sugar.
MEDICINE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENT
Metformin
If you are overweight, Metformin is the first medicine that is recommended you to treat type 2 diabetes.
It works by reducing the amount of glucose that your liver releases into your bloodstream. It also makes your body’s cells more responsive to insulin.
Sulphonylureas
Sulphonylureas increase the amount of insulin that is produced by your pancreas.
- glibenclamide
- gliclazide
- glimerpirizide
- glipizide
- gliquidone
You may be prescribed one of these medicines if you cannot take metformin or if you are not overweight.
Glitazones (thiazolidinediones, TZDs)
Thiazolidinedione medicines (pioglitazone) make your body’s cells more sensitive to insulin so that more glucose is taken from your blood. They are not often used alone, but are usually used in addition to metformin or sulphonylureas, or both.
NATURAL TREATMENT
Avoid sugars, sweets, meat or refined carbs, white rice
Yoga & Pranayama such as Anulom-Vilom, Sheetali, Kapalbhati can potentially ease the patient’s life
Eating fiber decreases blood sugar and insulin concentrations. The recommended amount of fiber is around 30 grams per day.
aloe vera might help protect and repair the beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.
There is some evidence that bitter melon may help with the symptoms of diabetes.
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